Хаш праздник армянский

Представьте себе, как можно уехать из Италии, так и не попробовав знаменитой итальянской пасты и пиццы? Нет?! То же самое с армянским хашем.

С начала сентября армяне начинают напоминать друг другу, что сезон хаша уже открыт и пора собираться вокруг стола. Если вы спросите армян, какое время года подходит лучше всего для того, чтобы  попробовать хаш, вероятно, вам скажут «все месяцы, названия которых содержат букву «Р»»; это означает, что вы можете есть хаш с сентября по апрель. Это зимние, весенние и осенние месяцы, когда в Армении прохладно.

Происхождение

Название зимнего супа — укороченная версия армянского глагола «хашел», что означает «варить». Хаш в основном варят из ножек и желудка коровы или овцы. Рецепт может показаться простым, но нужно владеть особыми навыками, чтобы приготовить действительно вкусный зимний суп.

В Армении даже дети знают, что хаш обычно подают рано утром. Говорят, что традиция приготовления хаша рано утром сохранилась с давних времен. В те времена богатые люди после убоя животного забирали себе только мясо. Бедные же подбирали брошенные ножки и внутренности животного и готовили их. Поскольку они не хотели, чтобы кто-нибудь знал, что они едят, суп готовили рано утром.

Но если вы когда-нибудь пробовали хаш, вы убедитесь в правильности употребления этого вкусного зимнего супа рано утром, так как он очень насыщенный и калорийный и чувство сытости сохраняется на весь день. Многие люди, которые собираются есть хаш, держат аппетит с предыдущего вечера.

Как кушать хаш

Если вы когда-нибудь были гостем в какой-либо армянской семье, вы скажете, что на накрытом столе есть все аппетитные блюда, фрукты и овощи, которые можно найти в Армении. В отличие от других армянских блюд, которые обычно подаются с большим количеством салатов, закусок, сыров и зелени, вместе с хашем на стол подают только чеснок, соль, зелень, редис, лаваш (последний входит в список нематериального культурного наследия ЮНЕСКО), минеральную воду и добрую порцию водки. Интересно, что во время приготовления, в хаш не кладутся специи и даже соль.

Армяне говорят, что для того, чтобы правильно есть хаш, надо знать некоторые тонкости. Первое: вы должны сами добавить соль и чеснок в суп по своему вкусу. Второе: переложить кусочки мяса из супа на другую тарелку. Третье: накрыть переложенное мясо мягким лавашом, чтобы не остыло. Четвертое: накрошить сушеный лаваш в суп так, чтобы впитался весь бульон. Люди, которые называют себя «истинными едоками хаша», едят его без ложки, вместо этого используют лаваш. Они уверены, что это блюдо вкуснее, когда вы едите его руками. Вы также можете увидеть людей, которые покрывают свою голову лавашом или куском ткани, когда едят хаш.
Хотя армяне славятся обилием тостов во время любого застолья, однако когда люди собираются, чтобы вместе есть хаш, произносится всего три традиционных тоста, которые произносятся в четком порядке. Эти тосты относительно короткие.

•  1. Доброе утро

Первый тост «За доброе утро» произносится, когда хаш уже подали и гости добавляют в него немного соли, чеснока и сушеного лаваша.

• 2. За тех, кто приготовил хаш

Второй тост за хозяев, дословно переводится как «За тех, кто «поставил» (приготовил) хаш». Гости поднимают рюмки, чтобы поблагодарить хозяев.

• 3. За тех, кто ест хаш

Позже произносится третий тост — за гостей. Буквально это переводится как «За тех, кто ест хаш». Это три обязательных тоста, но опоздавшему гостю предоставляется возможность выпить первый тост «За Доброе утро».

3 факта о хаше, которые стоит запомнить

1.  В течение веков армянская кухня менялась, становясь все более изысканной и вкусной, однако зимний суп хаш веками сохранял свой оригинальный способ приготовления.
2.  Хаш никогда не едят в одиночку, это хороший повод собратья друзьям, соседям и родственникам. Многие люди признаются вам, что они в восторге в основном от настроения, ярких разговоров и забавных историй, рассказанных во время еды.
3.  Нет необходимости планировать что-либо на оставшуюся часть дня после хаша, так как люди, которые собрались на хаш, обычно проводят весь день вместе.

Готовьтесь есть хаш!

Итак, если вы решили попробовать хаш, встаньте пораньше, даже не думайте о завтраке, оденьтесь во что-нибудь очень удобное, позовите друзей и отправляйтесь в путь. В Ереване есть много ресторанов, в которых подают хаш, но если вы хотите получить незабываемые впечатления и совместить приключения и дегустацию хаша, отправляйтесь на гору Арагац. Рядом с озером находится ресторан «Кари», расположенный на высоте 3250 м над уровнем моря, который славится своим хашем (даже летом).

Лучший способ добраться туда и проехать по горным местам — это арендовать внедорожник у Enterprise Rent-A-Car Armenia. Вы также можете заказать услугу водителя, если хотите попробовать хаш с водкой и принять участие в армянской традиции произнесения тоста.
 

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Khash (Armenian: խաշ; known by the derivations khashi (Georgian: ხაში) and Azerbaijani: xaş, respectively) is a dish of boiled cow or sheep parts, which might include the head, feet, and stomach (tripe).

It is also known by other designations, namely pacha (Persian: پاچه; Albanian: paçe; Assyrian:^[which?] pacha; Mesopotamian Arabic: پاچة, romanized: pacha; Serbo-Croatian: pača; Bulgarian: пача; Hungarian: pacal; Greek: πατσάς), kalle-pache (Persian: کله‌پاچه; Turkish: kelle paça; Azerbaijani: kəllə-paça), kakaj šürpi (Chuvash: какай шÿрпи) or serûpê (Kurdish: سه‌روپێ).

Khash and its variations are traditional dishes in Afghanistan, Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Georgia, Greece, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, North Macedonia, Mongolia and some Persian Gulf countries.

Etymology[edit]

The name khash originates from the Armenian verb (խաշել), which means «to boil».^[1] The dish, initially called khashoy (Armenian: խաշոյ), is mentioned by a number of medieval Armenian authors, including Grigor Magistros (11th century), Mkhitar Heratsi (12th century), and Yesayi Nchetsi (13th century).^[1]

The Persian designation pacha stems from the term pāče, literally meaning «trotter».^[2] The combination of a sheep’s head and trotters is called kalle-pāče, which literally means «head [and] trotter» in Persian.^[3]

In the South Caucasus[edit]

Khash is a purist meal with great parsimony in ingredients. The feet are depilated, cleaned, kept in cold water in order to get rid of bad smell, and boiled in water all night long, until the water has become a thick broth and the meat has separated from the bones.^{[citation needed]} No salt or spices are added during the boiling process. The dish is served hot. One may add salt, garlic, lemon juice, or vinegar according to one’s taste. Dried lavash is often crumbled into the broth to add substance.^{[citation needed]} Khash is generally served with a variety of other foods, such as hot green and yellow peppers, pickles, radishes, cheese, and fresh greens such as cress. The meal is almost always accompanied by vodka (preferably mulberry vodka) and mineral water.^{[citation needed]}

In Georgia, Khashi is served together with garlic, milk, salt and chacha. Usually they eat this dish early morning, or during hangovers.

In the medieval Armenian medical textbook Relief of Fevers (1184), khash was described as a dish with healing properties, e.g., against snuffle. It was recommended to eat it while drinking wine.^[4] In case of ailment, khash from the legs of a yeanling (lamb or kid) was advised.^[5]

Formerly a nutritious winter food, it is now considered a delicacy, and is enjoyed as a festive winter meal. Modern-day convention in Armenia dictates that it should be consumed during the month that has an r in its name, thus excluding May, June, July, and August (month names in Armenian are derivatives of the Latin names). Khash is traditionally consumed during cold months in Azerbaijan and Georgia.^{[citation needed]}

In the South Caucasus, khash is often seen as food to be consumed in the mornings after a party, as it is known to battle hangovers (especially by men) and eaten with a «hair of the dog» vodka chaser.^[6]

There is much ritual involved in khash parties. Many participants abstain from eating the previous evening, and insist upon using only their hands to consume the unusual (and often unwieldy) meal. Because of the potency and strong smell of the meal, and because it is eaten early in the mornings and so often enjoyed in conjunction with alcohol, khash is usually served on the weekend or on holidays.^{[citation needed]}

In Iran[edit]

Kalle-pache (kalle-pāče; kalla-pāča; literally meaning «head [and] trotter») consists of a sheep’s head (including the brain) and trotters,^[7][8][9] and is typically seasoned with lemon and cinnamon.^[8] Usually consumed as a breakfast soup,^[8] kalle-pache is traditional to Afghanistan^[10] and Iran.^[8]

In Iran, kalle-pache is usually cooked in specialty stores, and is served in the morning.^[11] It is especially consumed during cold seasons.^[11] To prepare kalle-pache, the sheep’s head and trotters are collected, cooked, and treated as per the recipe.^[12]

In Israel[edit]

During winter, it is very common to eat sheep or cow parts in soup with onions, spices and squeezed lemon and is prepared in many ways such as maraq regel (leg soup), maraq moh (brain soup), maraq me’ayim (intestine soup), maraq beten (tripe soup) and maraq rosh (head soup). It is usually accompanied with flat bread, lemon, hot chilli pepper and an alcoholic drink, usually arak.

In Iraq[edit]

Pacha is a traditional Iraqi dish made from sheep’s head, trotters, and stomach; all boiled slowly and served with bread sunken in the broth.^[13] The cheeks and tongues are considered the best parts. Many people prefer not to eat the eyeballs, which could be removed before cooking.^[14] The stomach lining would be filled with rice and lamb and stitched with a sewing thread (Arabic: كيبايات).^[15] Sheep brain is also included.^[16][17][18]

In Arab countries[edit]

The dish is known in Kuwait, Bahrain, and other Persian Gulf countries as Pacheh (پاچه), since the Arabic alphabet has no letters ‘p’ and ‘ch’ so the dish is written with ‘b’ and ‘j’ as in Bajeh باجه). A variation of that is found in other Arab countries such as in Egypt and is known as kawari’ (كوارع), Egyptians eat cow brain and sheep brain.^[19]

In Albania[edit]

Albania’s popular pache (paçe) consists of a sheep’s or any cattle’s head, that is boiled until meat comes off easily. It is then stewed with garlic, onion, black pepper, and vinegar. Sometimes a little flour is added to thicken the stew. It is also frequently cooked with cattle feet or tripe. It makes a hot and hearty winter stew.^{[citation needed]}

In Turkey[edit]

In Turkish culinary culture, pacha (paça) is a generic word for certain soup preparations, especially with offal, but also without it. In most parts of Turkey, such as in Kastamonu, for instance, the term ayak paça («feet pacha») is used for cow, sheep, or goat hooves,^[20] and the term kelle paça is used for «head pacha» (chorba). Sometimes the term dil paça is also used for tongue soup, while «meat pacha» is made with gerdan (scrag end of sheep’s neck).^{[citation needed]} In Turkey, the word kelle refers to a sheep’s head roasted in the oven, which is served after grilling at specialized offal restaurants.^{[citation needed]}

In Greece[edit]

The Greek version, called patsás (πατσάς), may be seasoned with red wine vinegar and garlic (skordostoubi), or thickened with avgolémono. The Greek version sometimes uses calf feet with the tripe.

Specialized tavernas serving patsa are known as patsatzidika. Because patsas has the reputation of remedying hang-over and aiding digestion, patsatzidika are often working overnight, serving people returning home after dinner or clubbing.

Similar dishes[edit]

• Paya, South Asian version of this dish
• Smalahove, boiled sheep’s head, a traditional western Norwegian food
• Soğuk paça, a Turkish cold dish made with the jelly obtained from sheep or cow hooves
• Svið, an Icelandic dish that includes a sheep’s head cut in half

See also[edit]

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• «A Brief History of Khash, Armenia’s Love-It-or-Hate-It Hangover Cure (Recipe)». Smithsonian Institution. February 27, 2018.
• «Khash.org».
• «Khash and other Azeri adventures». Toronto Star. February 7, 2007.
• «HIS MAJESTY KHASH». Vision TV. April 2013.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Khash (Armenian: խաշ; known by the derivations khashi (Georgian: ხაში) and Azerbaijani: xaş, respectively) is a dish of boiled cow or sheep parts, which might include the head, feet, and stomach (tripe).

It is also known by other designations, namely pacha (Persian: پاچه; Albanian: paçe; Assyrian:^[which?] pacha; Mesopotamian Arabic: پاچة, romanized: pacha; Serbo-Croatian: pača; Bulgarian: пача; Hungarian: pacal; Greek: πατσάς), kalle-pache (Persian: کله‌پاچه; Turkish: kelle paça; Azerbaijani: kəllə-paça), kakaj šürpi (Chuvash: какай шÿрпи) or serûpê (Kurdish: سه‌روپێ).

Khash and its variations are traditional dishes in Afghanistan, Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Georgia, Greece, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, North Macedonia, Mongolia and some Persian Gulf countries.

Etymology[edit]

The name khash originates from the Armenian verb (խաշել), which means «to boil».^[1] The dish, initially called khashoy (Armenian: խաշոյ), is mentioned by a number of medieval Armenian authors, including Grigor Magistros (11th century), Mkhitar Heratsi (12th century), and Yesayi Nchetsi (13th century).^[1]

The Persian designation pacha stems from the term pāče, literally meaning «trotter».^[2] The combination of a sheep’s head and trotters is called kalle-pāče, which literally means «head [and] trotter» in Persian.^[3]

In the South Caucasus[edit]

Khash is a purist meal with great parsimony in ingredients. The feet are depilated, cleaned, kept in cold water in order to get rid of bad smell, and boiled in water all night long, until the water has become a thick broth and the meat has separated from the bones.^{[citation needed]} No salt or spices are added during the boiling process. The dish is served hot. One may add salt, garlic, lemon juice, or vinegar according to one’s taste. Dried lavash is often crumbled into the broth to add substance.^{[citation needed]} Khash is generally served with a variety of other foods, such as hot green and yellow peppers, pickles, radishes, cheese, and fresh greens such as cress. The meal is almost always accompanied by vodka (preferably mulberry vodka) and mineral water.^{[citation needed]}

In Georgia, Khashi is served together with garlic, milk, salt and chacha. Usually they eat this dish early morning, or during hangovers.

In the medieval Armenian medical textbook Relief of Fevers (1184), khash was described as a dish with healing properties, e.g., against snuffle. It was recommended to eat it while drinking wine.^[4] In case of ailment, khash from the legs of a yeanling (lamb or kid) was advised.^[5]

Formerly a nutritious winter food, it is now considered a delicacy, and is enjoyed as a festive winter meal. Modern-day convention in Armenia dictates that it should be consumed during the month that has an r in its name, thus excluding May, June, July, and August (month names in Armenian are derivatives of the Latin names). Khash is traditionally consumed during cold months in Azerbaijan and Georgia.^{[citation needed]}

In the South Caucasus, khash is often seen as food to be consumed in the mornings after a party, as it is known to battle hangovers (especially by men) and eaten with a «hair of the dog» vodka chaser.^[6]

There is much ritual involved in khash parties. Many participants abstain from eating the previous evening, and insist upon using only their hands to consume the unusual (and often unwieldy) meal. Because of the potency and strong smell of the meal, and because it is eaten early in the mornings and so often enjoyed in conjunction with alcohol, khash is usually served on the weekend or on holidays.^{[citation needed]}

In Iran[edit]

Kalle-pache (kalle-pāče; kalla-pāča; literally meaning «head [and] trotter») consists of a sheep’s head (including the brain) and trotters,^[7][8][9] and is typically seasoned with lemon and cinnamon.^[8] Usually consumed as a breakfast soup,^[8] kalle-pache is traditional to Afghanistan^[10] and Iran.^[8]

In Iran, kalle-pache is usually cooked in specialty stores, and is served in the morning.^[11] It is especially consumed during cold seasons.^[11] To prepare kalle-pache, the sheep’s head and trotters are collected, cooked, and treated as per the recipe.^[12]

In Israel[edit]

During winter, it is very common to eat sheep or cow parts in soup with onions, spices and squeezed lemon and is prepared in many ways such as maraq regel (leg soup), maraq moh (brain soup), maraq me’ayim (intestine soup), maraq beten (tripe soup) and maraq rosh (head soup). It is usually accompanied with flat bread, lemon, hot chilli pepper and an alcoholic drink, usually arak.

In Iraq[edit]

Pacha is a traditional Iraqi dish made from sheep’s head, trotters, and stomach; all boiled slowly and served with bread sunken in the broth.^[13] The cheeks and tongues are considered the best parts. Many people prefer not to eat the eyeballs, which could be removed before cooking.^[14] The stomach lining would be filled with rice and lamb and stitched with a sewing thread (Arabic: كيبايات).^[15] Sheep brain is also included.^[16][17][18]

In Arab countries[edit]

The dish is known in Kuwait, Bahrain, and other Persian Gulf countries as Pacheh (پاچه), since the Arabic alphabet has no letters ‘p’ and ‘ch’ so the dish is written with ‘b’ and ‘j’ as in Bajeh باجه). A variation of that is found in other Arab countries such as in Egypt and is known as kawari’ (كوارع), Egyptians eat cow brain and sheep brain.^[19]

In Albania[edit]

Albania’s popular pache (paçe) consists of a sheep’s or any cattle’s head, that is boiled until meat comes off easily. It is then stewed with garlic, onion, black pepper, and vinegar. Sometimes a little flour is added to thicken the stew. It is also frequently cooked with cattle feet or tripe. It makes a hot and hearty winter stew.^{[citation needed]}

In Turkey[edit]

In Turkish culinary culture, pacha (paça) is a generic word for certain soup preparations, especially with offal, but also without it. In most parts of Turkey, such as in Kastamonu, for instance, the term ayak paça («feet pacha») is used for cow, sheep, or goat hooves,^[20] and the term kelle paça is used for «head pacha» (chorba). Sometimes the term dil paça is also used for tongue soup, while «meat pacha» is made with gerdan (scrag end of sheep’s neck).^{[citation needed]} In Turkey, the word kelle refers to a sheep’s head roasted in the oven, which is served after grilling at specialized offal restaurants.^{[citation needed]}

In Greece[edit]

The Greek version, called patsás (πατσάς), may be seasoned with red wine vinegar and garlic (skordostoubi), or thickened with avgolémono. The Greek version sometimes uses calf feet with the tripe.

Specialized tavernas serving patsa are known as patsatzidika. Because patsas has the reputation of remedying hang-over and aiding digestion, patsatzidika are often working overnight, serving people returning home after dinner or clubbing.

Similar dishes[edit]

• Paya, South Asian version of this dish
• Smalahove, boiled sheep’s head, a traditional western Norwegian food
• Soğuk paça, a Turkish cold dish made with the jelly obtained from sheep or cow hooves
• Svið, an Icelandic dish that includes a sheep’s head cut in half

See also[edit]

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• «A Brief History of Khash, Armenia’s Love-It-or-Hate-It Hangover Cure (Recipe)». Smithsonian Institution. February 27, 2018.
• «Khash.org».
• «Khash and other Azeri adventures». Toronto Star. February 7, 2007.
• «HIS MAJESTY KHASH». Vision TV. April 2013.